Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 2322-1984 10 3 2016 06 18 272 281 EN Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Iraj Sharifi Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Bahnaz Aflatoonian Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mohammad Reza Shirzadi Zoonoses Department, Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mahdi Gouya Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Alireza Kermanizadeh Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Control Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2015 10 14 2015 10 14 Background: Global findings indicate that incidence rate of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has significantly in­creased during the past decade, as documented in many countries. This review was aimed to evaluate the trend of CL cases in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics during a decade after the earthquake (2003–2012) com­pared to the corresponding period before the earthquake in Bam (1993–2003). Methods: Direct smear preparations along with different intrinsic methods were used for detection and identification of the causative agents. Results: Overall, 20999 cases of CL have occurred during the last 20 years (1993–2012), 6731 cases before and 14268 cases after the earthquake (P< 0.001). Conclusions: Following a major earthquake, several risk factors could activate epidemics of cutaneous leishmaniasis in old foci and induce emerging foci in new areas. https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/view/154 https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/download/154/139