Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 2322-1984 10 1 2016 02 06 288 288 EN Sadegh Chinikar Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory (National Reference Lab), Pasteur Institute ofIran, Tehran, Iran. Nariman Shah-Hosseini Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory (National Reference Lab), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Saeid Bouzari Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. MohammadAli Shokrgozar National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Ehsan Mostafavi Department of Epidemiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Tahmineh Jalali Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory (National Reference Lab), Pasteur Institute ofIran, Tehran, Iran. Sahar Khakifirouz Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory (National Reference Lab), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Martin Groschup Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany. Matthias Niedrig Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Background: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) belongs to genus Nairovirus and family Bunyaviridae. The main aim of this study was to investigate the extent of recombination in S-segment genome of CCHFV in Iran. Methods: Samples were isolated from Iranian patients and those available in GenBank, and analyzed by phyloge­netic and bootscan methods. Results: Through comparison of the phylogenetic trees based on full length sequences and partial fragments in the S-segment genome of CCHFV, genetic switch was evident, due to recombination event. Moreover, evidence of multi­ple recombination events was detected in query isolates when bootscan analysis was used by SimPlot software. Conclusion: Switch of different genomic regions between different strains by recombination could contribute to CCHFV diversification and evolution. The occurrence of recombination in CCHFV has a critical impact on epidemi­ological investigations and vaccine design.   https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/view/288 https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/download/288/263