Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 2322-1984 13 2 2019 05 25 145 152 EN Yasaman Alijani Research Center for Food Safety and Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran AND 2Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran Salman Ahmadian Research Center for Food Safety and Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran AND Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran Sonia Boughattas Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar Gilda Eslami Research Center for Food Safety and Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran AND Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran Shadi Naderian Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran Vahid Ajamian Research Center for Food Safety and Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran AND Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran 2018 02 15 Background: Regarding the antimonial-resistant of Leishmania spp., understanding of related mechanism is neces­sary. One of the most important involved molecules is aquaglyceropin1 (AQP1). The aim of this study was molecu­lar analysis of AQP1 gene from antimonial-resistant clinical isolates and its expression. Methods: Overall, 150 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis referring to the reference laboratories of Yazd and Varzaneh,, located 105km southeast of Isfahan and 240km away from Yazd, were assessed from Jun 2015 to Dec 2017. After sampling, staining was done and evaluated for Leishman by microscope. Samples were collected in RNAlater solution for gene expression analysis in non-healing isolates. DNA extraction was performed from each slide with Leishman body. All patients with L. major isolates detected by ITS1-PCR-RFLP were followed for find­ing the resistant isolates, consequence of molecular characterization of AQP1 using PCR-RFLP. Gene expression of AQP1 from all resistant isolates was assessed in comparison with the one in a sensitive isolate. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. The significance level was considered ≤0.05. Results: Five isolates were detected as antimonial resistant. Molecular detection and identification were appeared that all were L. major. The molecular characterization of AQP1 showed G562A mutation. Gene expression of AQP1 in resistant isolates showed 1.67 fold higher than the sensitive isolate. Conclusion: We reported a new point mutation of G562A in AQP1 gene involved in molecular mechanism in re­sistant isolates. https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/view/802 https://jad.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jad/article/download/802/449