Evaluation of Efficiency of Ivermectin Lotion in Comparison With Permethrine Shampoo and Dimethicone Lotion for Treatment of Headlice (Pediculus humanus capitis) in Areas Covered by Health Centers of Islamshar City , Tehran, Iran in 2019
-
Leila Hamedanian
,
Mohammad Reza Salmani Nadoshan
,
Hassan Vatandoost
,
Mojgan Baniardalani
,
Javad Rafinejad
Abstract
Objective: Head lice infestation also known as a serious health problem in developing and developed countries. The prevalence of pediculosis in children and female is higher than others. The infestation may cause absence of student from school and make their parents upset. The aim of current study was to evaluate the WHO recommended insecticides for control of head lice in Islamshahr health center.
Material & method: In the current study infested individuals was older than 6 years old and have been diagnosed with at least 3 head lice adult and 10 live nits from less than 0.7 cm scalp. The pediculicides was applied randomly among groups. Permethrin shampoo as a golden standard was used. Dimethicone lotion 4% and Ivermectin lotion was compared with it. This study was conducted on 179 infested people. Results of infestation were evaluated after one month of intervention. Different indicators such as: present of head lice adult or live nit, redness and irritating in head skin were invested.
Result: All the participants were female and 72.6% of them were at the age group of 6-11. The result revealed that aging not only decreases the infection rate but also raised the recovery percentage. The results showed that 79.5% permethrin receiver, 83% of people who treated with Dimethicone lotion and 90.6% of Ivermectin receiver had no head lice. There was no significant difference among these three pediculicides.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference among tested pediculicides. Appropriate pediculicide can be selected by training people.
1. Toloza A, Vassena C, Gallardo A, GonzálezAudino P, Picollo MIJPr (2009) Epidemiology
of Pediculosis capitis in elementary schools
of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Parasitol Res.
104(6):1295-1298. doi: 10.1007/s00436-008-
1324-6.
2. Downs A, Stafford K, Stewart G (2000) Factors
that may be influencing the prevalence of
head lice in British school children. Pediatr
Dermatol. 17(1):72-74.doi: 10.1046/j.1525-
1470.2000.00011-3.x.
3. Khokhar A (2002) Study of Pediculosis capitis
among primary school children in Delhi. Indian J
Med Sci .56(9):449-456.
4. Al-Maktari J (2008) Head louse infestations in
Yemen: prevalence and risk factors determination
among primary school children, Al-Mahweet
Governorate, Yemen. J Egypt Soc Parasitol.
38(3):741-748.
5. Fan P-C, Chung WC, Fan C-K, Huang P, Yen C
(1999) Prevalence and treatment of Pediculus
capitis infestation among aboriginal school
children in northern Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med
Sci.15 (4):209-217.
6. Ha YC, Heo JM, Kim HJ, Go GM, Lee SJ, Jeong
SH (2000) Infestation status of head louse and
treatment with lindane shampoo in children of
primary school and kindergarten in Chinju-shi,
Kyongsangnam-do, Korea. Korean J Parasitol. 38(1):41-43. doi: 10.3347/kjp.2000.38.1.41.
7. Koch T, Brown M, Selim P, Isam (2001) Towards
the eradication of head lice: literature review and
research Agenda. J Clin Nurs. 10(3):364-371. doi:
10.1046/j.1365-2702.2001.00512.x.
8. Safi M (1996) Epidemiology of Pediculus
humanus capitis infestation and effective factors
in elementary schools of children, Islam shahr
city, Tehran province: Thesis for Master Degree
of Health Sciences in Medical Entomology
and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences.
9. Saghafipour A, Nejati J, Zahraei Ramazani A,
Vatandoost H, Mozaffari E, Rezaei F (2017)
Prevalence and risk factors associated with head
louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) in Central Iran.
Inter J Pediatr. 1; 5(7):5245-5254.
10. Zareban E, AbbaszadeBezi M, Movadi M,
Mehrjoofard H, Ghafari HR (2006) Evaluation of
health education program for reducing head lice
infestation among primary school girls. J Birjand
Univ Med Sci. 13(1):25-31.
11. Ward RD, Service MW (2008) Medical
Entomology for Students. Cambridge University
Press; 306. ISBN 978-0-521-70928-6
12. Light JE, Smith VS, Allen JM, Durden LA, David
LR (2010) Evolutionary history of mammalian
sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura). BMC Evol
Biol, 10: 292-299.
13. Kazunori Y, Kevin A, Johnson P (2006)
Morphology of male genitalia in lice and their
relatives and phylogenetic implications zoological
nomenclature. Sys Entomol. 31(2) 350-361.
14. Burges R, Mendes J (2002) Epidemiological
aspects of head lice in children attending day care
centers, urban and rural schools in Uberlandia,
Central Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de
Janiro. 97(2): 189-192.
15. Rafinejad J, Nourollahi A, Javadian E, Kazemnejad
AN, Shemshad KH (2006) Epidemiology of head
louse infestation and related factors in school
children in the county of Amlash, Gilan Province,
2003-2004. Iran J Epidemiol. 10; 2(3):51-63.
16. Akbari M, Bagheri A, Moradi M, Rafinejad A,
Rafinejad J (2017) Head lice among Iranian
elementary school children: A systematic review.
J Biostat Epidemiol. 3(3/4):111-116.
17. Speare R, Cahill C, Thomas G (2003) Head lice on
pillows, and strategies to make a small risk even
less International. J Dermatol. 42(8): 626-629.
18. Borghei A, Gharaje S (2006) A comparative study
on efficacy of Co-trimoxazole and Permethrin
for treatment of Pediculosis capitis. J Gorgan Univ
Med Sci. 8(2): 15-18.
19. Brandenburg K, Deinard AS, DiNapoli J,
Englender SJ, Orthoefer J, Wagner D (1986) 1%
permethrin cream rinse vs 1% lindane shampoo
in treating pediculosis capitis. Am J Dis Child. 1;
140(9):894-896.
20. Alempour Salemi J, Shayeghi N, Zeraati H,
Akbarzadeh K, Basseri H, Ebrahimi B, Rafinejad J.
Some aspects of head lice infestation in Iranshahr
Area (Southeast of Iran). Iran J Public Health
2003; 32(3): 60-3
21. Dehghani R, Davari B, Moosavi SG, Kachoei E,
Rahimi M, Dehshiri F (2012) Prevalence of head
lice infestation among 3-6 years old nursery
children in Kashan (2009). J Occup Health
Epidemiol. 10;1(2):81-86.
22. Gholchaye J, Ghajar A (2000) Survey Pediculous
capitis in 3-7 children in kindrgarden in Rasht. J
Gilan Univ Med Sci. 11(41):21-25.
23. Davari B, Kolivand M, Poomohammadi A,
Faramarzi Gohar A, Feizei F, Rafat Bakhsh S,
Ahmadi S (2015) An epidemiological study of
Pediculus capitis in students of Pakdasht county,
in autumn of 2013. Pajouhan Sci J. 14(1):57-63.
24. Speare, R Buettner PG (1999) Head lice in pupils
of a primary school in Australia and implications
for control. Int J Dermatol. 38(4): 285-290.
25. Haghi FM, Golchin M, Yousefi M, Hosseini M
Parsi B (2014) Prevalence of pediculosis and
associated risk factors in the girls primary school
in Azadshahr City, Golestan Province, 2012-
2013. Iran J Health Sci. 2(2):63-68.
26. Bashiribod H, Eslami G, Fallah F (2001)
Prevalence of head lice primary schools in
Shahryar and lice-killing effects on pollution.
Pajoohandeh J. 6(4):9-15.
27. Dinapoli JB, Austin RD, Englender SJ, Gomez
MP, Barrett JF (1998) Eradication of head lice
with a single treatment’, Am J Public Health. 78:
978-980.
28. Zahirnia A, Taherkhani H, Bathaii S (2005) A
comparative study on the effectiviness of three
different shampooes in treatment of head lice
(pediculus capitis) in primery school-children in
Hamadan province, IRAN 2000-2001. 15(49):16-
24.
29. Burgess IF, Brown CM, Lee PN (2005) Treatment
of head louse infestation with 4% Dimeticone
lotion: randomized controlled equivalence
trial. Biomed J. 330(7505): 1423. doi: 10.1136/
bmj.38497.506481.8F.
30. Burgess IF, Lee PN, Matlock G (2007)
Randomized, controlled, assessor blind trial
comparing 4% dimethicone lotion with 0.5%
malathion liquid for head louse infestation. PLoS
One. 2(11), p.e1127.
31. Feldmeier H (2013) Pediculosis capitis: new insights into epidemiology, diagnosis and
treatment Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis.
31(9):2105-2110.
32. Ferrara P, Del Bufalo F, RomanoV, Tiberi E,
Bottaro G, Romani L, Malamisura M, Ianniello
F, Ceni L, Mottini G, Gatto, A (2013) Efficacy
and safety of dimethicone in the treatment of lice
infestation through prophylaxis of classmates.
Iran J Public Health. 42(7): 700-706.
33. Monisha BM, Madhumitha M, Thilagavathi
S (2018) Comparison of efficiency of 1%
permethrin lotion vs. 0.5% ivermectin shampoo
in the treatment of Pediculosis capitis. InterJ Res.
4(3): 357-362.
of Pediculosis capitis in elementary schools
of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Parasitol Res.
104(6):1295-1298. doi: 10.1007/s00436-008-
1324-6.
2. Downs A, Stafford K, Stewart G (2000) Factors
that may be influencing the prevalence of
head lice in British school children. Pediatr
Dermatol. 17(1):72-74.doi: 10.1046/j.1525-
1470.2000.00011-3.x.
3. Khokhar A (2002) Study of Pediculosis capitis
among primary school children in Delhi. Indian J
Med Sci .56(9):449-456.
4. Al-Maktari J (2008) Head louse infestations in
Yemen: prevalence and risk factors determination
among primary school children, Al-Mahweet
Governorate, Yemen. J Egypt Soc Parasitol.
38(3):741-748.
5. Fan P-C, Chung WC, Fan C-K, Huang P, Yen C
(1999) Prevalence and treatment of Pediculus
capitis infestation among aboriginal school
children in northern Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med
Sci.15 (4):209-217.
6. Ha YC, Heo JM, Kim HJ, Go GM, Lee SJ, Jeong
SH (2000) Infestation status of head louse and
treatment with lindane shampoo in children of
primary school and kindergarten in Chinju-shi,
Kyongsangnam-do, Korea. Korean J Parasitol. 38(1):41-43. doi: 10.3347/kjp.2000.38.1.41.
7. Koch T, Brown M, Selim P, Isam (2001) Towards
the eradication of head lice: literature review and
research Agenda. J Clin Nurs. 10(3):364-371. doi:
10.1046/j.1365-2702.2001.00512.x.
8. Safi M (1996) Epidemiology of Pediculus
humanus capitis infestation and effective factors
in elementary schools of children, Islam shahr
city, Tehran province: Thesis for Master Degree
of Health Sciences in Medical Entomology
and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences.
9. Saghafipour A, Nejati J, Zahraei Ramazani A,
Vatandoost H, Mozaffari E, Rezaei F (2017)
Prevalence and risk factors associated with head
louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) in Central Iran.
Inter J Pediatr. 1; 5(7):5245-5254.
10. Zareban E, AbbaszadeBezi M, Movadi M,
Mehrjoofard H, Ghafari HR (2006) Evaluation of
health education program for reducing head lice
infestation among primary school girls. J Birjand
Univ Med Sci. 13(1):25-31.
11. Ward RD, Service MW (2008) Medical
Entomology for Students. Cambridge University
Press; 306. ISBN 978-0-521-70928-6
12. Light JE, Smith VS, Allen JM, Durden LA, David
LR (2010) Evolutionary history of mammalian
sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura). BMC Evol
Biol, 10: 292-299.
13. Kazunori Y, Kevin A, Johnson P (2006)
Morphology of male genitalia in lice and their
relatives and phylogenetic implications zoological
nomenclature. Sys Entomol. 31(2) 350-361.
14. Burges R, Mendes J (2002) Epidemiological
aspects of head lice in children attending day care
centers, urban and rural schools in Uberlandia,
Central Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de
Janiro. 97(2): 189-192.
15. Rafinejad J, Nourollahi A, Javadian E, Kazemnejad
AN, Shemshad KH (2006) Epidemiology of head
louse infestation and related factors in school
children in the county of Amlash, Gilan Province,
2003-2004. Iran J Epidemiol. 10; 2(3):51-63.
16. Akbari M, Bagheri A, Moradi M, Rafinejad A,
Rafinejad J (2017) Head lice among Iranian
elementary school children: A systematic review.
J Biostat Epidemiol. 3(3/4):111-116.
17. Speare R, Cahill C, Thomas G (2003) Head lice on
pillows, and strategies to make a small risk even
less International. J Dermatol. 42(8): 626-629.
18. Borghei A, Gharaje S (2006) A comparative study
on efficacy of Co-trimoxazole and Permethrin
for treatment of Pediculosis capitis. J Gorgan Univ
Med Sci. 8(2): 15-18.
19. Brandenburg K, Deinard AS, DiNapoli J,
Englender SJ, Orthoefer J, Wagner D (1986) 1%
permethrin cream rinse vs 1% lindane shampoo
in treating pediculosis capitis. Am J Dis Child. 1;
140(9):894-896.
20. Alempour Salemi J, Shayeghi N, Zeraati H,
Akbarzadeh K, Basseri H, Ebrahimi B, Rafinejad J.
Some aspects of head lice infestation in Iranshahr
Area (Southeast of Iran). Iran J Public Health
2003; 32(3): 60-3
21. Dehghani R, Davari B, Moosavi SG, Kachoei E,
Rahimi M, Dehshiri F (2012) Prevalence of head
lice infestation among 3-6 years old nursery
children in Kashan (2009). J Occup Health
Epidemiol. 10;1(2):81-86.
22. Gholchaye J, Ghajar A (2000) Survey Pediculous
capitis in 3-7 children in kindrgarden in Rasht. J
Gilan Univ Med Sci. 11(41):21-25.
23. Davari B, Kolivand M, Poomohammadi A,
Faramarzi Gohar A, Feizei F, Rafat Bakhsh S,
Ahmadi S (2015) An epidemiological study of
Pediculus capitis in students of Pakdasht county,
in autumn of 2013. Pajouhan Sci J. 14(1):57-63.
24. Speare, R Buettner PG (1999) Head lice in pupils
of a primary school in Australia and implications
for control. Int J Dermatol. 38(4): 285-290.
25. Haghi FM, Golchin M, Yousefi M, Hosseini M
Parsi B (2014) Prevalence of pediculosis and
associated risk factors in the girls primary school
in Azadshahr City, Golestan Province, 2012-
2013. Iran J Health Sci. 2(2):63-68.
26. Bashiribod H, Eslami G, Fallah F (2001)
Prevalence of head lice primary schools in
Shahryar and lice-killing effects on pollution.
Pajoohandeh J. 6(4):9-15.
27. Dinapoli JB, Austin RD, Englender SJ, Gomez
MP, Barrett JF (1998) Eradication of head lice
with a single treatment’, Am J Public Health. 78:
978-980.
28. Zahirnia A, Taherkhani H, Bathaii S (2005) A
comparative study on the effectiviness of three
different shampooes in treatment of head lice
(pediculus capitis) in primery school-children in
Hamadan province, IRAN 2000-2001. 15(49):16-
24.
29. Burgess IF, Brown CM, Lee PN (2005) Treatment
of head louse infestation with 4% Dimeticone
lotion: randomized controlled equivalence
trial. Biomed J. 330(7505): 1423. doi: 10.1136/
bmj.38497.506481.8F.
30. Burgess IF, Lee PN, Matlock G (2007)
Randomized, controlled, assessor blind trial
comparing 4% dimethicone lotion with 0.5%
malathion liquid for head louse infestation. PLoS
One. 2(11), p.e1127.
31. Feldmeier H (2013) Pediculosis capitis: new insights into epidemiology, diagnosis and
treatment Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis.
31(9):2105-2110.
32. Ferrara P, Del Bufalo F, RomanoV, Tiberi E,
Bottaro G, Romani L, Malamisura M, Ianniello
F, Ceni L, Mottini G, Gatto, A (2013) Efficacy
and safety of dimethicone in the treatment of lice
infestation through prophylaxis of classmates.
Iran J Public Health. 42(7): 700-706.
33. Monisha BM, Madhumitha M, Thilagavathi
S (2018) Comparison of efficiency of 1%
permethrin lotion vs. 0.5% ivermectin shampoo
in the treatment of Pediculosis capitis. InterJ Res.
4(3): 357-362.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 3 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v15i3.9820 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Head lice; Treatment; Permethrin; Pediculicide | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Hamedanian L, Salmani Nadoshan MR, Vatandoost H, Baniardalani M, Rafinejad J. Evaluation of Efficiency of Ivermectin Lotion in Comparison With Permethrine Shampoo and Dimethicone Lotion for Treatment of Headlice (Pediculus humanus capitis) in Areas Covered by Health Centers of Islamshar City , Tehran, Iran in 2019. J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2021;15(3):325-332.
