Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, the scientific publica­tion of the Iranian Society of Medical Entomology (ISME), is approved by the National Journal Commission, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The journal publishes original research papers, short communica­tions, scientific notes, case reports, letters to the editor, and review articles in English. The scope of papers comprises all aspects of arthropod-borne diseases, includ­ing:

● Systematics
● Vector Ecology
● Epidemiology
● Immunology
● Parasitology
● Molecular Biology
● Genetics
● Population Dynamics
● Toxicology
● Vector Control
● Diagnosis and Treatment

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Review Article

  • Impact of Omics Studies on Understanding Insecticide Resistance Mechanisms in Sub-Saharan Malaria Vectors: A Systematic Review
    Yetunde Grace Orogun , Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana , Damilare Isaiah Taiwo , Olatomide Ayodeji Fadare
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    Abstract

    Background: Malaria remains a major global health challenge, disproportionately affecting sub-Saharan Africa. The growing threat of resistance to insecticides in Anopheles vector populations poses a major challenge to the efficacy of core interventions such as long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). This sys­tematic review aimed to evaluate the contribution of omics approaches, particularly genomics, transcriptomics, and mul­ti-omics, to understanding the resistance mechanisms in malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa and their impact on cur­rent and future vector control strategies.

    Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for eligible studies published between January 2016 and April 2025. Studies using at least one omics approach to investigate re­sistance in Anopheles species were included. We extracted and analyzed data on study location, vector species, omics methods, insecticide classes, resistance mechanisms, and key findings according to PRISMA guidelines.

    Results: Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Genomic and transcriptomic approaches revealed key resistance mechanisms, notably involving metabolic resistance, target-site mutations, and cuticular changes. Multi-omics studies uncovered novel resistance markers such as CYP450 reductase (CPR), UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and salivary gland proteins. Multi-country collaborations were common, reflecting the cross-border nature of insecticide resistance, while species-specific responses highlighted localized adaptation.

    Conclusion: Omics studies have significantly enhanced the understanding of resistance to insecticides among malaria vectors, offering valuable insights for molecular diagnostics and region-specific vector control. Integrating these ap­proaches into routine surveillance is crucial to inform sustainable malaria control and elimination strategies.

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