PCR-Detection of Coxiella burnetii in Ticks Collected from Sheep and Goats in Southeast Iran
Abstract
Background: There is a little data on Coxiella burnetii (Q fever agent) in Iran. Ticks may play a significant role in the transmission of C. burnetii among animals. The aim of this study was to use polymerase chain reaction for the detection of C. burnetii in ticks collected in Southeast Iran.
Methods: One hundred and sixty ticks were collected from domestic animals in three localities of Kerman Province, Southeast Iran from November to June 2009. The collected ticks were divided into 35 pools and examined by Trans-PCR for C. burnetii.
Results: Three pools, each consisting of five female of Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and one pool (6 ticks) of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected from goats and sheep were found to be positive by Trans-PCR.
Conclusion: This paper documents the first molecular detection of C. burnetiiin ticks, which shows their role as putative vectors and reservoirs for this pathogenic agent.
Abbasian L (1961) Records of tick (Acarina: Ixodidae) occurring in Iran and their dis- tributional data. Acarologia. 3: 546–559.
Aitken ID, Bogel K, Cracea E, Edlinger E, Houwers D, Krauss H, Rady M, Reha- cek J, Schiefer HG, Schmeer N, Ta-rasevich IV, Tringali G (1987) Q Fever in Europe: current aspects of aetiology, epidemiology, human infection diagnosis and therapy. Infection. 15: 323-327.
Angelakis E, Raoult D (2010) Q- fever. Vet Microbiol. 140: 297–309.
Hoover TA, Vodkin MH, Williams JC (1992) A Coxiella burnetii repeated DNA element resembling a bacterial in- sertion sequence. J Bacteriol. 174: 5540–5548.
Faix DJ, Harrison DJ, Riddle MS, Vaughn AF, Yingst SL, Earhart K, Thibault G (2008) outbreak of Q fever among US military in Western Iraq, June–July 2005. Clin Infect Dis 46: 65–68.
Kazar J (2005) Coxiella burnetii infection.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1063: 105–114. Kaiser MN, Hoogstraal H (1963) The Hyalomma ticks (Ixodoidae) of Afghanistan.
The Journal of Parasitology, 49: 130–139. Kaplan MM, Bertagna P (1955) The geo- graphical distribution of Q fever. Bull Wld Hlth Org 13: 829–860.
Kennerman E, Rousset E, Gölcü E, Dufour P (2010) Seroprevalence of Q fever (coxiellosis) in sheep from the Southern Marmara Region, Turkey. Comp Im- munol Microbiol Infect Dis. 33(1): 37–45.
Khalili M, Shahabi-Nejad N, Golchin M (2010) Q fever serology in febrile pa- tients in Southeast Iran. Trans Roy S Trop Med Hyg. 104: 623 624.
Khalili M, Sakhaee E (2009) An update on a serologic survey of Q fever in domestic animals in Iran. Am J Trop Med Hyg.80: 1031–1032.
Kim C, Yi Y, Yu D (2006) Tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in ticks and small mammals in Korea. Appl Environ Mi- crobiol. 72: 5766–5776.
Sakhaee E, Khalili M (2010) The first report of Q fever in Kerman sheep flocks. Trop Anim Health Prod. 42: 1561 1564.
Lang GH, Prescott JF, Williams JC (1994) Serological response in sheep vaccinated against Coxiella burnetii (Q fever). Can Vet J. 35(6): 373–374.
Marrie TJ, Stein A, Janigan D, Raoult D (1996) Route of infection determines the clinical manifestations of acute Q fever J Infect Dis. 173: 484–487.
Mazlum Z (1968) Hyalomma asiaticum asi- aticum (Schulze andSchlottke) 1929: its distribution, hosts, seasonal activity, life cycle and role in transmission of bovine theileriosis in Iran. Acarologia, 10: 437–
Maurin M, Raoult D (1999) Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev. 12: 518–553.
Noda H, Munderloh UG, Kurtti TJ (1997) Endosymbionts of ticks and their rela- tionship to Wolbachia spp. and tick-borne pathogens of humans and animals. Appl Environ Microbiol. 63: 3926–3932.
Norlander L (2000) Q- fever epidemiology and pathogenesis. Microb and Infect. 2:417–424.
Psaroulaki A, Ragiadakou D, Kouris G, Papadopoulos B, Chaniotis B, Tselentis Y (2006) Ticks, tick-borne Rickettsiae, and Coxiella burnetii in the Greek Island of Cephalonia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1078: 389–399.
Rehacek J, Urvolgyi J, Kocianova E, Sekey- ova Z, Vavrekova M, Kovacova E (1991) Extensive examination of different ticks species for infestation with Coxiella bur- netii in Slovakia. Eur J Epidemiol. 7:299–303.
Satta G, Chisu V, Cabras P, Fois F, Masala G (2010) Pathogens and symbionts in ticks: a survey on tick species distribution and presence of tick-transmitted micro- organisms in Sardinia, Italy. J Med Mi- crobiol, DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.021543-0
Scrimgeour EM, Al-Ismaily SI, Rolain JM, Al-Dhahry SH, El-Khatim HS, Raoult D (2003) Q fever in human and livestock populations in Oman. Ann NY Acad Sci. 990: 221–225.
Spyridaki I, Gikas A, Kofteridis D, Psarou- laki A, Tselentis Y (2002) Isolation of coxiella burnetii by a centrifugation shell- vial assay from ticks collected in Cyprus: detection by nested polymerase chain re- action (PCR) and by PCR-restriction frag- ment length polymorphism analyses. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 66(1): 86–90.
Vaidya VM, Malik SVS, Simranpreet K, Kumar S, Barbuddh SB (2008) Com- parison of PCR, Immunofluorescence As- say, and Pathogen Isolation for Diagnosis of Q fever in Humans with Spontane- ous Abortions. J Clin Microbiol. 46:2038–2044.
Vilcins IM, Old J, Deane E (2005) The im- pact of ticks and tick-borne diseases on native animal species in Australia. Mi- crobiol Aus. 26(2): 76–79.
Walker AR, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Estrada- Pena A, Horak IG, Latif AA, Pegram RG, Preston PM (2003) Ticks of do- mestic animals in Africa: a guide to iden- tification of species. Bioscience Reports.42 Comiston Drive, Edinburgh EH10 5QR, Scotland, U.K.
Files | ||
Issue | Vol 5 No 1 (2011) | |
Section | Articles | |
Keywords | ||
Coxiella burnetii Ticks Trans-PCR Iran |
Rights and permissions | |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |